Craters Of The Moon National Monument Oxidized Lava Rock

Basaltic lava rock at Craters of the Moon National Monument is composed of iron-rich minerals that have oxidized, creating a fiery palette of deep orange, red, and rust against patches of dark black. The rock's texture is highly varied, featuring a rough, porous, and vesicular upper section with a smoother, layered, and ropy lower half characteristic of a pāhoehoe lava flow. Bright, direct light illuminates the formation, casting deep shadows into the crevices and holes which emphasizes the rugged, three-dimensional surface. A distinct horizontal crack runs through the center, separating the different textural and color zones of the volcanic rock.

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